Comparing the Efficacy of Radiation Free Machine-Vision Image-Guided Surgery With Traditional 2-Dimensional Fluoroscopy: A Randomized, Single-Center Study

Declaration of Conflicting Interests: The author(s) declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Andrew Sama, MD, reports relationships with Ortho Development Corp., South Carolina Spine Society, Clariance, Inc., DePuy Synthes, Kuros Biosciences, Integrity Implants, Ortho Development Corp., Orthofix (formerly Spinal Kinetics), Paradigm Spine, LLC, Vestia Ventures, and MiRus Investment, LLC. Darren R. Lebl, MD, reports relationships with Medtronic, Time, Nuvasive, Inc., Stryker, DePuy Synthes, Guidepoint, Remedy Logic, ISPH II, LLC, Vestia Ventures, MiRUS LLC, Woven Orthopedic Technologies, and Integrity Implants, LLC. Celeste Abjornson, PhD, reports relationships with Camber Spine Tech, Centinel Spine, Inc., RTI Surgical, Inc., and Orthobond Corporation. Frank P. Cammisa, MD, reports relationships with 7D Surgical, Inc., 4WEB Medical, Centinel Spine, Inc. (Formerly Cell Medica), Mallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals, NuVasive, Inc., RTI Surgical Inc. (formerly Paradigm Spine, LLC), Pfizer, Inc., Orthofix Medical Inc. (formerly Spinal Kinetics, Inc.), HealthPoint Capital Partners, LP, Orthobond Corporation, Orthofix Medical Inc. (formerly Spinal Kinetics, Inc.), Woven Orthopedic Technologies, Bonovo Orthopedics, Inc., Ivy Capital Partners LLC, Liventa BioScience, Inc., Medical Device Partners III, LLC, Tissue Differentiation Intelligence, LLC, VBVP VI, LLC (formerly Centinel Spine, Inc.), Vertical Spine, LLC, and Viscogliosi Brothers, LLC. The other authors declare no potential conflicts of interest.

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