Full endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion has been used widely in the field of minimally invasive spine surgery in recent years. This paper briefly introduces the development history, technical points, indications, curative effects and complications. Authors believe that the full endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion has the same clinical effects as traditional surgery, and can effectively reduce tissue damage and intraoperative bleeding, reduce the incidence of postoperative low back pain, shorten the time to get out of bed, and reduce the average hospitalization time. However, it is still necessary to improve the long-term follow up in order to further evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the procedure.