At the beginning of clinical application, unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) was mainly applied to lumbar degenerative diseases, and lumbar disc herniation or lumbar spinal stenosis accounted for the majority. With the improvement of technology and equipment, the range of diseases being treated continues to expand, and the indications are extended to cervical and thoracic spinal decompression, and it can also be used in conjunction with minimally invasive techniques such as percutaneous pedicle screws and oblique lumbar interbody fusion, which plays an important role in lumbar interbody fusion. However, the development of unilateral biportal endoscopic technology is still in its initial stage in China and has not been widely applied. There are still relevant issues that need to be clarified and further studied. Therefore, this paper discusses the technical superiority, the application expansion and the shortcomings of UBE technique and related issues.

单侧双通道内镜技术（UBE）在临床应用之初以治疗腰椎退变性疾病为主，主要为腰椎间盘突出症或腰椎管狭窄症。随着技术的进步和器械的完善，UBE的适应证不断拓展，治疗的部位从腰椎逐渐过渡到颈椎和胸椎，治疗的病种也从腰椎间盘突出症、腰椎管狭窄症和腰椎滑脱逐步拓展到颈椎病和胸椎管狭窄症等，并且能与经皮椎弓根螺钉、斜侧方腰椎椎间融合术等微创技术搭配使用，在椎体间融合术中发挥着重要作用。然而，在国内，目前UBE技术的发展仍处于初级阶段，并未得到广泛应用，仍有相关问题需要明确及进一步研究。故本文就UBE的技术优势、UBE技术的临床拓展应用、UBE技术弊端与相关问题进行论述。.