BACKGROUND: Transforaminal endoscopic lumbar disc decompression (TELD) has emerged as a treatment alternative to open lumbar discectomy, but rates of herniated lumbar disc (HLD) recurrence after TELD are higher by…

BACKGROUND Percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) and micro-endoscopic discectomy (MED) are alternative minimally invasive, widely performed procedures for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH). This study compared the clinical…

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) in the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) combined with osteoporosis.METHODS: Eighty patients with LSS combined with…