Introduction:

The purpose of this study was to examine whether previous lumbar spinal fusion (LSF) was an independent risk factor for complications in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) or hemiarthroplasty for displaced femoral neck fractures.

Methods and materials:

An administrative database was queried from 2010 to Q2 of 2019 to analyze and compare complications in patients undergoing either THA or hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fracture with a history of LSF versus no history of LSF. Joint complications including periprosthetic fracture, prosthetic joint infection (PJI), prosthetic joint dislocation (PJD), aseptic loosening, and prosthetic revision were examined at 90 days and 1 year post-operatively.

Results:

In the THA cohort, patients with prior LSF had significantly higher likelihood of aseptic loosening at 90 days and 1 year post-operatively in comparison to those without prior LSF (90-day: OR 2.22; 1-year: OR 1.95). Patients in the hemiarthroplasty cohort with prior LSF had significantly higher likelihood of PJI (90-day: OR 2.18; 1-year: OR 2.37), aseptic loosening (90-day: OR 3.42; 1-year: OR 4.68), and prosthetic revision (90-day: OR 2.27; 1-year: OR 2.25) in both the 90-day and 1-year postoperative period in comparison to those without prior LSF. Additionally, for the same cohort, periprosthetic fracture (1-year: OR 2.32) and PJD (1-year: OR 2.31) were significantly higher at 1-year postoperative.

Conclusion:

Presence of LSF was found to be an independent risk factor for increased joint complications in patients undergoing either a THA or hemiarthroplasty for displaced femoral neck fractures.