Minimally invasive posterior or transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MI-PLIF/TLIF) are widely accepted procedures for lumbar instability due to degenerative or traumatic diseases. Oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) is currently receiving considerable attention because of the reductions in damage to the back muscles and neural tissue. The aim of this study was to compare clinical and radiographic outcomes of simultaneous single-position OLIF and percutaneous pedicle screw (PPS) fixation with MI-PLIF/TLIF. This retrospective comparative study included 98 patients, comprising 63 patients with single-position OLIF (Group SO) and 35 patients with MI-PLIF/TLIF (Group P/T). Cases with more than 1 year of follow-up were included in this study. Mean follow-up was 32.9 ± 7.0 months for Group SO and 33.7 ± 7.5 months for Group P/T. Clinical and radiological evaluations were performed. Comparing Group SO to Group P/T, surgical time and blood loss were 118 versus 172 min (p < 0.01) and 139 versus 374 mL (p < 0.01), respectively. Cage height, change in disk height, and postoperative foraminal height were significantly higher in Group SO than in Group P/T. The fusion rate was 96.8% in Group SO, similar to the 94.2% in Group P/T (p = 0.985). The complication rate was 6.3% in Group SO and 14.1% in Group P/T (p = 0.191). Simultaneous single position O-arm-navigated OLIF reduces the surgical time, blood loss, and time to ambulation after surgery. Good indirect decompression can be achieved with this method.